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Questions and Answers >> What is the Numerical Aperture (NA)?

Numerical aperture (NA) of the fibre defines which light will be propagated and which will not. NA defines the light-gathering ability of the fibre. Imagine a cone coming from the core. Light entering the core from within this cone will be propagated by total internal reflection. Light entering from outside the cone will not be propagated.

 
A high NA gathers more light, but lowers the bandwidth. A lower NA increases bandwidth.
 
NA has an important consequence. A large NA makes it easier to inject more light into a fibre, while a small NA tends to give the fibre a higher bandwidth. A large NA allows greater modal dispersion by allowing more modes in which light can travel. A smaller NA reduces dispersion by limiting the number of modes.
   

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